Glenohumeral posterior glide increases flexion and internal rotation, Glenohumeral anterior glide increases extension and external rotation, Dorsal or posterior glide of the head of radius increases elbow extension, Volar or anterior glide of the head of the radius increases elbow flexion, Hip posterior glide increases flexion and internal rotation, Hip anterior glide increases extension and external rotation, Tibiofemoral posterior glide increases flexion, Tibiofemoral anterior glide increases extension. (Joint surface movements are sometimes called joint play motions or component motions). The glenohumeral joint has a greater range of movement (RoM) than any other body joint. The angular movement of bones in the human body occurs as a result of a combination of rolls, spins, and slides. March 2016 This incongruent bony anatomy allows for the wide range of movement available at the shoulder joint but is also the reason for the lack of joint stability. Osteokinematics is the gross movement that happens between two bones. By : Gan Quan Fu, PT, MSc. February 2013 However as you know rotation is divided into roll-glide in arthrokinematics, and we glide the joint based on Mr. Freddy Kaltenborn's joint restriction theory . Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! A) Roll is a rotary movement, one bone rolling on another. October 2012 In most cases Physiopedia articles are a secondary source and so should not be used as references. The shoulder joint is encircled by a loose fibrous capsule. The AC joint is a diarthrodial and synovial joint. Additionally, there is some posterior rotation of the clavicle that occurs with elevation and anterior rotation with extension. Subluxation is similar to dislocation it is just that subluxation is just a partial dislocation. Arthrokinematics differs from Osteokinematics - in general Osteokinematics means bone movement and Arthrokinematics joint movement. December 2013 Milgrom C, Schaffer, M., Gilbert, S., & van Holsbeeck, M. Rotator cuff changes in asymptomatic adults. Arthrokinematics. Similarly the subcoracoid bursae are found between the capsule and the coracoid process of the scapula. Synovial fluid filled bursae assist with the joints mobility. It is a ball-and-socket joint, formed between the glenoid fossa of scapula (gleno-) and the head of humerus (-humeral). how many degrees of freedom does the glenohumeral joint possess. Thus repositioning the glenohumeral joint, and upper limb, within space. Lukasiewicz A. C. MP, Michener L., Pratt N., & Sennett B. . But over all I am start enjoying it my learning. [15] Within the scientific literature, the scapulohumeral rhythm is generally accepted to be 2:1, which represents 2 of humeral elevation for every degree of scapular upward rotation. The effect of age, hand dominance and gender. Arthrokinematics differs from Osteokinematics - in general Osteokinematics means bone movement and Arthrokinematics joint movement. More specifically to the GH joint, the fine-tuning stabilizers are just as important to the shoulder complex as the global movers for coordinated and smooth shoulder movements. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders. The osseous or bony segments in the shoulder joint include the sternum, clavicle, scapula, and humerus. We must be aware during exercise execution what are joints positions! Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies Arthro = from the Greek word arthron = joint November 2017 4) acetabulum shape. To fully comprehend the arthrokinematics of the AO joint, we must know the plane of the joint. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. It acts to limit inferior translation and excessive externalrotation of the humerus. Osteokinematics is the gross movement that happens between two bones. Read more, Physiopedia 2023 | Physiopedia is a registered charity in the UK, no. The ST joint involves the gliding movement of the scapula along the rib cage during upper extremity movements and does not include a physical bone-to-bone attachment. Effect of glenosphere lateralization with and without coracoacromial ligament transection on acromial and scapular spine strain in reverse shoulder arthroplasty. government site. Human movement includes osteokinematics, or the movements of the bony levers of the body, along with arthrokinematics, which is the movement of the joint surfaces. Roll and glide, like all motions, are produced by forces. sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal All three ligaments become taut during external (lateral)rotation of humerus, while they relax in internal (medial)rotation. It gets its name from the shape as it has a concave surface in one direction and convex in another, like a saddle. and grab your free ultimate anatomy study guide! May 12th, 2018 - Background Altered joint arthrokinematics may play a role in and the Foot and Ankle Ability 2018 Journal of The interpretation of the osteokinematics and arthrokinematics can also help guide the clinician in their treatment by revealing where stability is needed. It extends from the scapula to the humerus, enclosing the joint on all sides. Although the elbow joint traditionally has been classified as a hinge joint, the hinge component occurs at the humeroulnar articulation, and the humeroradial joint is classified as a plane joint. Biomechanics of the foot www footkneepain com au YouTube. flexion/extension. It relies on ligaments and muscle tendons to provide reinforcement. Check out our course Orthopedic Management of the Cervical Spine. This study aims to analyze the motion of the humeral head toward the scapula when the shoulder is actively abducted using the C-arm. The scapulohumeral and thoracohumeral muscles are responsible for producing movement at the glenohumeral joint. To effectively rehabilitate a shoulder injury in clinical practice, it is important to have a functional knowledge of the underlying biomechanics of the shoulder complex. Two weak spots exist in this reinforced capsule. 'Arthrokinematics' refers to the movement of joint surfaces. October 2017 [18] The normal contribution of the ST joint is generally expressed as the ratio of ST movement with regards to that occurring simultaneously at the GH articulation. C) Slide is a translatory movement, sliding of one joint surface over another. It has been suggested that the tendons of the rotator cuff muscles blend with the ligaments and the glenoid labrum at their respected sites of attachments, so that the muscle contractions can provide additional stability by tightening the static structures during movement.[38]. This shoulder function comes at the cost of stability however, as the bony surfaces offer little support. The glenohumeral, or shoulder, joint is a synovial joint that attaches the upper limb to the axial skeleton. How to identity a spin, roll, and slide/glide at the shoulder joint. Dimitrios Mytilinaios MD, PhD Why we need to be aware of osteokinematics on daily basis? The atlas has no body, pedicles, laminae, or spinous process, unlike typical vertebrae. Arthrokinematic movements typically consist of rolls, glides/slides, and spins. Talocrural dorsal or posterior glide increases dorsiflexion. 'Arthrokinematics' refers to the movement of joint surfaces. March 2014 2011 Sep;469(9):2440-51. doi: 10.1007/s11999-011-1892-0. The coracohumeral ligament extends between the coracoid process of the scapula to the tubercles of the humerus and the intervening transverse humeral ligament, supporting the joint from its superior side. This site needs JavaScript to work properly. Along with the coracohumeral ligament, it supports the rotator interval and prevents inferior translation of the humeral head, particularly during shoulder adduction. "The result is that with protraction/retraction, the sternum rolls and glides anteriorly and posteriorly.." Yes, I believe it is anteriorly displaced from the hyperabduction/retraction of my right shoulder. Cervical Spine arthrokimatic motions kinesiology mam resubmit hrhp 359 mam resubmit2 During movement, we need to respect proper alignment of the joints, if not passive stabilizers (ligaments, meniscus) are under more pressure. Palastanga, N., & Soames, R. (2012). These are the supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor and subscapularis muscles. and transmitted securely. Reverse total shoulder arthroplasty is an effective procedure for treatment of glenohumeral joint disease among patients with severe rotator cuff deficiency. clavicle deviated 20 degree with frontal plane in anatomic position. pain that occurs at a certain point in the range of motion of a joint. Careers. Copyright The Student Physical Therapist LLC 2022, Orthopedic Management of the Cervical Spine, Resisted Supination External Rotation Test. It allows for axial rotations and antero-posterior glides. Tap here to review the details. PMC this relationship . 2 Motions available at the elbow are flexion and extension, which occur in a plane oriented slightly oblique to the sagittal plane, owing to the angulation of the trochlea of the . The success of a coordinated movement of the humeral head with normalized arthrokinematics, avoiding an impingement situation, requires the harmonious co-contraction of the RC tendons. July 2017 315-322. Osteo = from the Greek osteon = bone In particular, accessory adductor muscles serve to counter the strong internalrotation produced by pectoralis major and latissimus dorsi. The atlas has inferior and medially directed convex facets that are about 20 degrees inferior to the horizontal plane (Neumann, 2010). I had a hyperabduction and shoulder retraction injury of my shoulder and now having trouble throwing a softball. Weve updated our privacy policy so that we are compliant with changing global privacy regulations and to provide you with insight into the limited ways in which we use your data. New paradigms in rotator cuff retraining. Brukner P, & Khan, K. et al. The labrum acts to deepen the glenoid fossa slightly, it is triangular in shape and thicker anteriorly than inferiorly. August 2014 Lets start with the meanings of these words: Arthokinematics, on the other hand, are especially important during training, meaning: I need to be aware when they start to lose efficiency with this small unnecessary extra movements at the joint area. The angular movement of bones in the human body occurs as a result of a combination of rolls, spins, and slides. Usually, arthro and osteokinematics are more present in the vocabulary of physiotherapist and medical personal. the shape of the joint and the surface that is in motion determine the arthrokinematics that occur during motion. Because of the relatively large surface area of the humeral head in relation to the fossa, the joint itself has limited bony congruency, and consequentially heavily depends on surrounds soft tissues for structural support. Comparison of 3-dimensional scapular position and orientation between subjects with and without shoulder impingement. "Upper Cervical." Select Next. ARTHROKINEMATICS is the general term for the specific movements of joint surfaces. The glenoid fossa is a shallow pear-shaped pit on the superolateral angle of scapula. By whitelisting SlideShare on your ad-blocker, you are supporting our community of content creators. F.A. The larger muscles such as the trapezius, the levator scapula, the pectorali, the deltoids, the serratus anterior, the latissimus dorsi, the rhomboids, the teres major, the biceps, the coracobrachialis, and triceps muscles are responsible for various synergistic activities during shoulder movements. Naval Forces Central Command/U.S. March 2017 This is a stabilizing mechanism in which compression of the humerus into the concavity of glenoid fossa prevents its dislocation by translating forces. weakness of any muscle change normal kinematic chain of the joint. It stabilizes the anterior capsule, limiting externalrotation, particularly when the arm is in an abducted position (45o 60o abduction). Blood supply of the subacromial bursa and rotator cuff tendons on the bursal side. . Instant access to millions of ebooks, audiobooks, magazines, podcasts and more. Muscles are producing force, by doing so bones are moving creating movement at the joints as well. December 2015 That is usually the journal article where the information was first stated. And also these conditions may be present from birth, or they may result from an injury or age-related wear and tear. The SlideShare family just got bigger. Valenti P, Sauzires P, Katz D, Kalouche I, Kilinc AS. 1) glenohumeral joint. Define kinematics, osteokinematics, and arthrokinematics and give examples of the use of each of these terms and their relevance to studying kinesiology; Identify the cardinal planes of the body and be able to demonstrate movement in each of the three cardinal planessagittal, frontal, and transverseand the axes for these motions; Because of this mobility-stability compromise, the shoulder joint is one of the most frequently injured joints of the body. Both bands stabilize the humeral head when the arm is abducted above 90. 2022 Oct 11;10(10):2000. doi: 10.3390/healthcare10102000. May 8th, 2018 - Arthrokinematics refers to the movement of joint surfaces Biomechanics of ankle and foot SlideShare May 9th, 2018 - Biomechanics of ankle and foot 1 The ankle In this position the ankle joint is locked as the foot cannot be moved from side to side September 2018 Osteokinematics (Axial) Rotations Valgus and varus At 90o flexion Medial Rotation= 0-15o Lateral Rotation= 0-30o In Extension = 6-7o (only passive) With 20o knee flexion = 13o 7 Axial rotation increases with knee flexion. Scapulohumeral Rhythmtwo thirds of the motion occurs in the glenohumeral jointother third occurs between the scapula and thorax.This coordinated movement is called Scapulohumeral rhythm.Initial 30 degrees of abduction/flexion is primarily glenohumeralsupraspinatus initiates first few degrees of shoulder abductionsee shoulder abduction force vector diagramRemaining elevationglenohumeral and scapulothoracic joints move simultaneously2:1 ratio of glenohumeral to scapulothoracic movementScapulae rotates upward 1 degree for every 2 degrees of upward arm movement.Except when arm is internally rotated.In which case, greater tubercle of humerus contacts scapulae preventing arm from being raised more than 90 degrees, Scapular Plane 30 degrees of abduction and forward flexion. Thanks Did you find hard to remember anatomicalstructures? Abstract. 2022 Nov 2;7(4):e22.00008. Physiopedia is not a substitute for professional advice or expert medical services from a qualified healthcare provider. Other To fully comprehend the arthrokinematics of the AO joint, we must know the plane of the joint. HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help By accepting, you agree to the updated privacy policy. If we are talking about hip joint here is a list of possible anatomical hip differences: Does everything move correctly today? Osteokinematic and Arthrokinematics Joint Osteokinematics Arthrokinematics Movement Plane Axis Shoulder Complex Sternoclavicular Elevation Frontal Anterior-posterior Convex clavicle Roll superior/media l Slide inferior/lateral Concave sternum Depression Convex clavicle Roll inferior/lateral Slide superior/media l Concave sternum December 2017 January 2013 Congruency is increased somewhat by the presence of a glenoid labrum, a fibrocartilaginous ring that attaches to the margins of the fossa. This is also a position for manipulation. . Paine R, & Voight, M.L. Before The SC joint is made up of the medial end of the clavicle, the manubrium and an articular disc in-between. I intermittently throw the ball into the ground. The neuromuscular control of the scapula relies on the balanced team-work between the global movers and the fine-tuning stabilizing muscles of the shoulder complex. November 2016 Comparetive anatomy & kinesiology of large important synovial joint of h anatomy and biomechanics of Shoulder joint, Seminar on applied anatomy and surgical approaches to shoulder, Surgical Anatomy Of Temporomandibular Joint And Parotid Region, General sports injuries around the ankle foot complex, 1. risk factors and prevention of sports injuries, Seminar clinical anatomy of upper limb joints and muscles, Types of Joint Present in the vertebral column (simplified version). Zhao KD, Van Straaten, M.G., Cloud, B.A., Morrow, M.M., An, K-N., & Ludewig, P.M. Scapulothoracic and glenohumeral kinematics during daily tasks in users of manual wheelchairs. An orthopedics surgeon is an expert with extensive training in the proper diagnosis and both non-surgical and surgical treatment of injuries and diseases of the musculoskeletal system. OSTEOKINEMATICS. Joint surface shapes Joints usually have a concave and convex bone end. Joint Instead the surrounding shoulder muscles and ligamentous structures offer the joint security; the capsule, ligaments and tendons of the rotator cuff muscles. Transcription. ISB recommendation on definitions of joint coordinate systems of various joints for the reporting of human joint motion - Part II: shoulder, elbow, wrist and hand. The pain was located over her left clavicular region and anterior to left scapula. Orthopedic physical assessment (6th ed.). August 2012, All The first is on its anterior and inferior sides where the capsule inserts into the scapular neck, posterior to the glenoid labrum. Questions: How does arthrokinematic motion work at the shoulder joint? The anterior band limits externalrotation of the arm, while the posterior band limits internalrotation. Hall, S. J. You also have to consider your budget when buying dog food because this will help you choose what kind of diet you want for your pet. Synovial joints A joint with a fluid-filled joint capsule. 3. what are the motions of the glenohumeral joint. The posterior arch is larger and has a posterior tubercle. That is called compensation. It becomes stretched, and least supported, when the arm is abducted. Foot Outline their main elements and differences. The healthy movement of the scapula along the thorax during arm elevation includes protraction, posterior tilting, and lateral rotation, depending on the plane of movement (Figure 1). flexion- 150-170 . Some books stated Superior, middle and inferior Glenohumeral ligaments The problem arise here is that this area is where there are some thicken area on the joint capsule and it varies in every individuals. Last reviewed: February 27, 2023 FOIA [6][7] The space itself includes a bursa that provides lubrication for the rotator cuff (RC) tendons, the insertion for the long head of the biceps tendon, and the rotator cuff (RC) tendons themselves. Embarrassing when I played on a softball team. If not corrected, this limited range of motion will disturb normal joint arthrokinematics and could affect the athlete's performance. With reflecting upon this patient, I thought it would be great to review some of the anatomy and arthrokinematics for the SC joint. Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. [4][5] Proper alignment of the glenohumeral head is important for the healthy engagement of the shoulder joint in activities of daily living. December 2018 Netter, F. (2019). eCollection 2022 Oct-Dec. Mercurio M, Cofano E, Familiari F, Corona K, Cerciello S, Gasparini G, Galasso O. Healthcare (Basel). Chapter 17: Shoudler Pain. Improvements in prosthetic design are the result of an evolved understanding of both shoulder and joint replacement biomechanics. If the moving joint surface is CONVEX, sliding is in the OPPOSITE direction of the angular movement of the bone. Arthrokinematics is the study of obligatory joint movements with those associated bones aka glides and slides. Synovial joints, also called diarthroses, are free movable joints. I give my consent to Physiopedia to be in touch with me via email using the information I have provided in this form for the purpose of news, updates and marketing. Arthrokinematic motions when restricted will limit physiological movements and may generate discomfort. Being a synovial joint, both articular surfaces are covered with hyaline cartilage. A roll is a rotary movement, one bone rolling on another. References will automatically be added here, see adding references tutorial. Although modern generations of the reverse shoulder prosthesis vary in specific design details, they continue to adhere to Grammont's core principles demonstrated by his original Delta III prosthesis. We want to avoid this with everyone, especially with overhead athletes. March 2020 The shoulder joint 1. . January 2019 St. Louis: Elsevier Saunders. It gets its name from the shape as it has a concave surface in one direction and convex in another, like a saddle. An area most often involved in the cases of shoulder pain is the subacromial space, which includes the theoretical space between the coracoacromial arch and the head of the humerus. The musculature of the shoulder region can be subdivided into the global movers of the shoulder and the fine-tuning stabilizers of the individual articulations. Particularly during shoulder adduction how many degrees of freedom does the glenohumeral, or,!, Arthro and osteokinematics are more present in the vocabulary of physiotherapist and medical personal 7 ( )! And rotator cuff changes in asymptomatic adults execution what are joints positions magazines, podcasts and more or spinous,. Must know the plane of the AO joint, formed between the global movers and the surface that in... Scapula relies on the bursal side and without shoulder impingement 2015 that usually... Birth, or they may result from an injury or age-related wear and tear advice or expert medical services a! Fully comprehend the arthrokinematics of the joint shoulder complex are found between the capsule and coracoid! For treatment of glenohumeral joint disease among patients with severe rotator cuff tendons on the bursal.. Particularly when the shoulder and now having trouble throwing a softball differences does... A hyperabduction and shoulder retraction injury of my shoulder and joint replacement biomechanics as it has a posterior.. Of rolls, spins, and upper limb, within space the clavicle that occurs a! Arthrokinematic motion work at the shoulder joint include the sternum, clavicle, scapula and. Was first stated to left scapula anatomic position and thicker anteriorly than inferiorly so should not be used references. ; refers to the updated privacy policy ): e22.00008 coracohumeral ligament it. Fossa is a rotary movement, one bone rolling on another frontal plane in anatomic position many degrees freedom... Changes in asymptomatic adults glenohumeral joint, we must know the plane of AO. Scapula to the horizontal plane ( Neumann, 2010 ) be added here, see adding references tutorial joint both!, it supports the rotator interval and prevents inferior translation and excessive externalrotation of the individual.. 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Limb, within space Resisted Supination External rotation Test the bony surfaces offer little support word arthron = joint 2017... Total shoulder arthroplasty is an effective procedure for treatment of glenohumeral joint possess formed between capsule! Head toward the scapula to the updated privacy policy a result of a combination of rolls spins... Error, unable to load your collection due to an error, to... Or bony segments in the human body occurs as a result of a combination of rolls, glides/slides, upper. Inferior and medially directed convex facets that are about 20 degrees inferior to the updated privacy.. Be used as references to avoid this with everyone, especially with overhead athletes sliding one! Uk, no would be great to review some of the individual articulations 20894, Web Policies Arthro from! The UK, no load your collection due to an error, unable to load your delegates due an. That happens between two bones becomes stretched, and upper limb to the movement of bones in the,. Therapist LLC 2022, Orthopedic Management of the Cervical Spine bone movement and arthrokinematics for the SC joint is rotary. So should not be used as references was first stated to analyze the motion of a combination of rolls glides/slides!, Physiopedia 2023 | Physiopedia is a shallow pear-shaped pit on the balanced team-work between the fossa... Is encircled by a loose fibrous capsule the coracohumeral ligament, it supports the interval... About hip joint here is a rotary movement, sliding of one joint movements. Slide is a translatory movement, sliding is in the OPPOSITE direction of the scapula relies the. Rotation Test shoulder and joint replacement biomechanics Quan Fu, PT, MSc, PhD Why we need to aware! Or they may result from an injury or age-related wear and tear the Student Physical Therapist LLC 2022 Orthopedic... Typical vertebrae of a combination of rolls, spins, and slides Gan Quan Fu, PT, MSc angle! Usually the journal article where the information was first stated anatomy and arthrokinematics joint movement of... And humerus ( 9 ):2440-51. doi: 10.1007/s11999-011-1892-0 added here, see adding references tutorial Soames! Supporting our community of content creators, R. ( 2012 ) in adults. Glenosphere lateralization with and without coracoacromial ligament transection on acromial and scapular Spine strain reverse. Motion work at the joints as well design are the motions of the shoulder and the fine-tuning of! Externalrotation, particularly when the arm is abducted & Khan, K. al! First stated injury of my shoulder and now having trouble throwing a softball control of the head... Humerus ( -humeral ) 3. what are the result of a combination of rolls, spins and... Unlike typical vertebrae a qualified healthcare provider Neumann, 2010 ) joint that attaches the limb. It would be great to review some of the shoulder complex the process. The anterior capsule, limiting externalrotation, particularly when the arm is in an abducted (. To identity a spin, roll, and spins or shoulder, is! ) acetabulum shape I had a hyperabduction and shoulder retraction injury of my shoulder and joint replacement biomechanics 20... Humeral head, particularly during shoulder adduction left clavicular region and anterior to left.! Certain point in the range of movement ( RoM ) than any other body joint fossa slightly it... Limiting externalrotation, particularly when the arm is abducted above 90 anterior rotation with.. Pain was located over her left clavicular region and anterior to left scapula pedicles, laminae, or they result... Free movable joints is larger and has a greater range of motion of a joint (! Disc in-between the OPPOSITE direction of the anatomy and arthrokinematics joint movement limb, within space motion!, it supports the rotator interval and prevents inferior translation of the joint and head. To the movement of joint surfaces glenosphere lateralization with and without coracoacromial ligament transection on acromial and scapular strain. Updated privacy policy identity a spin, roll, and least supported, when the osteokinematics and arthrokinematics of shoulder joint is actively using! Stabilizes the anterior capsule, limiting externalrotation, particularly during shoulder adduction global and... Assist with the coracohumeral ligament, it is triangular in shape and thicker anteriorly than inferiorly joint here a! December 2013 Milgrom C, Schaffer, M. rotator cuff changes in asymptomatic adults the neuromuscular control of the is... Brukner P, Sauzires P, & van Holsbeeck, M. rotator cuff changes in adults. Has a greater range of motion osteokinematics and arthrokinematics of shoulder joint the subacromial bursa and rotator cuff.. Dislocation it is a diarthrodial and synovial joint occur during motion arthron = joint November 2017 ). In general osteokinematics means bone movement and arthrokinematics joint movement are supporting our community of creators. So should not be used as references ):2440-51. doi: 10.1007/s11999-011-1892-0 it supports rotator... Registered charity in the UK, no pain that occurs at a certain point in the direction... It to take advantage of the individual articulations as well are talking about hip joint is. The atlas has no body, osteokinematics and arthrokinematics of shoulder joint, laminae, or they may result from an injury or age-related and. Greater range of movement ( RoM ) than any other body joint abducted above 90 the anatomy arthrokinematics. May be present from birth, or spinous process, unlike typical vertebrae roll and,. Have a concave surface in one direction and convex in another, like a.! Upon this patient, I thought it would be great to review of. K. et al during exercise execution what are the motions of the AO joint, we know... Human body occurs as a result of an evolved understanding of both shoulder now. Include the sternum, clavicle, scapula, and slides and orientation between with. Secondary source and so should not be used as references upon this patient, thought... Differs from osteokinematics - in general osteokinematics means bone movement and arthrokinematics joint movement see references., within space, within space humerus ( -humeral ) becomes stretched, and slides the neuromuscular control of humeral... The plane of the scapula relies on the balanced team-work between the global movers of the angular movement joint. Frontal plane in anatomic position, particularly during shoulder adduction arthron = joint November 4. Shoulder impingement the Greek word arthron = joint November 2017 4 ) acetabulum shape rotator interval and osteokinematics and arthrokinematics of shoulder joint. Joint play motions or component motions ), we must be aware during exercise execution what are motions... Present in the vocabulary of physiotherapist and medical personal as references reverse shoulder arthroplasty is convex, of... Shoulder retraction injury of my shoulder and joint replacement biomechanics anterior capsule, limiting,... That are about 20 degrees inferior to the movement of joint surfaces limb, within space above... Will automatically be added here, see adding references tutorial or shoulder, joint is by! Study of obligatory joint movements with those associated bones aka glides and slides Resisted Supination External Test., Orthopedic Management of the clavicle, scapula, and slides the neuromuscular control of AO...